Residual mortar attached to recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) always leads to a decrease in Young’s modulus and an increase in the drying shrinkage of RCA concrete. mainly due to an increase of total mortar volume. To overcome this inherent problem. the modified and equivalent mortar volume (EMV) methods were proposed by researchers. https://hollandscountryclothinges.shop/product-category/waterproof-overtrousers/